EFFECT OF INORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND OTHER AGRO-CHEMICALS ON SOIL AND PLANTS
Excessive use of chemical fertilizer and other agro chemicals, which are the important inputs in the modern farming creates depletion in soil fertility and pollution in surface water bodies.
1. Water soluble fertilizers when applied to soil, a good portion of the added nutrients does not become available to the crop plants and lost either to the atmosphere up to the hydrosphere due to non stimulation of the activities of heterotrophic soil organisms but facilitate that of the autotrophic nitrifying organisms, thereby hindering the immobilization of nutrients.
2. As a matter of fact, it results in rapid rate of nutrients loss in different forms and increases the soil acidity with nitrification.
3. Emission of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and elemental nitrogen from the soil system as a result of denitrification.
4. Depletion of secondary and micro-nutrients especially Sulphur and Zinc.
5. Deficiency of these nutrients (S & Zn) along with that of Mg, Mn, Fe, Mo, B and Cu limits productivity of many field crops especially in rice.
6. Dhar (1962) cautioned that by adding large doses of N-fertilizers in modern agriculture without the use of organic manures, there is always the danger of humus depletion and fall in crop production, which can be avoided only by adding additional amounts of organic residues and manures.
7. When high levels of N-fertilizers especially nitrate forms are applied to soil, nitrate pollution of drinking water is a serious health hazard found in extensively irrigated coarse textured highly percolating soils of central Punjab, where 40-50% of applied nitrogen is lost in leaching and the mean concentrations of nitrate nitrogen was 3.88 ppm during 1982 (Rainy season) ans 1.02 ppm in 1975. In 10% of the ground water samples nitrate concentration was 10 ppm which was the upper tolerance limit in drinking water against nil in 1975 (Singh et al, 1987).
8. Not only plants and soil are affected by inorganic fertilizer human being as well as other animals, birds & microbes are affected by chemical fertilizer.
9. Inorganic fertilizer are slow poison which affect slowly slowly and ultimately becomes serious disease also leads to death.
"Ultimately we are adding poison for our future generation"
Excessive use of chemical fertilizer and other agro chemicals, which are the important inputs in the modern farming creates depletion in soil fertility and pollution in surface water bodies.
1. Water soluble fertilizers when applied to soil, a good portion of the added nutrients does not become available to the crop plants and lost either to the atmosphere up to the hydrosphere due to non stimulation of the activities of heterotrophic soil organisms but facilitate that of the autotrophic nitrifying organisms, thereby hindering the immobilization of nutrients.
2. As a matter of fact, it results in rapid rate of nutrients loss in different forms and increases the soil acidity with nitrification.
3. Emission of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and elemental nitrogen from the soil system as a result of denitrification.
4. Depletion of secondary and micro-nutrients especially Sulphur and Zinc.
5. Deficiency of these nutrients (S & Zn) along with that of Mg, Mn, Fe, Mo, B and Cu limits productivity of many field crops especially in rice.
6. Dhar (1962) cautioned that by adding large doses of N-fertilizers in modern agriculture without the use of organic manures, there is always the danger of humus depletion and fall in crop production, which can be avoided only by adding additional amounts of organic residues and manures.
7. When high levels of N-fertilizers especially nitrate forms are applied to soil, nitrate pollution of drinking water is a serious health hazard found in extensively irrigated coarse textured highly percolating soils of central Punjab, where 40-50% of applied nitrogen is lost in leaching and the mean concentrations of nitrate nitrogen was 3.88 ppm during 1982 (Rainy season) ans 1.02 ppm in 1975. In 10% of the ground water samples nitrate concentration was 10 ppm which was the upper tolerance limit in drinking water against nil in 1975 (Singh et al, 1987).
8. Not only plants and soil are affected by inorganic fertilizer human being as well as other animals, birds & microbes are affected by chemical fertilizer.
9. Inorganic fertilizer are slow poison which affect slowly slowly and ultimately becomes serious disease also leads to death.
"Ultimately we are adding poison for our future generation"
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